Non-equilibrium phonon dynamics in trapped ion systems

We propose a concrete experiment to probe the non-equilibrium local dynamics of the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model using a trapped ion system consisting of a linear chain of few Ba^+ ions prepared in a state of transverse motional mode which corresponds to a fixed number of phonons per ion. These phonons are well-known to be described by an effective Bose-Hubbard model. We propose a protocol which leads to a sudden local sign reversal of the on-site interaction strength of this Hubbard model at one of the sites and demonstrate that the subsequent non-equilibrium dynamics of the model can be experimentally probed by measuring the time-dependent phonon number in a specific motional state of the Ba+ ions. We back our experimental proposal with exact numerical calculation of the dynamics of a Bose-Hubbard model subsequent to a local quench.Comment: The submission contains 5 pages and 4 figure

Frequencies of the Transferrin Alleles and Genotypes in Crossbred Cattle and their Effect on Growth Traits

Records on birth weight, body 'weight and body measurement traits were obtained from a total of 149 crossbred animals (Zebu X Temperate) from the lnstitut Haiwan Kluang, From the blood samples collected from these animals, 14.5 of them were analysed for the presence of serum transferrin genotypes. Frequency of the TID gene was found to be highest in both the half bred and quarter-bred Zebus, Frequency of lyA and lyE was found to be lower and higher respectively in half-bred Zebus and the quarter-bred Zebus. In general, there were no significant variations (P < a.OS) between the effects of different transferrin genotypes observed (TfAA, Tf:1D, 7y/n, l/DD alld 1/D1\) on any of the body weight or body conformation trait

Spectacular Role of Electron Correlation in the Hyperfine Interactions in 2D5/2^2D_{5/2} States in Alkaline Earth Ions

The low-lying n(=3,4,5)d $^2D_{5/2}$ states alkaline earth ions are of vital importance in a number of different physical applications. The hyperfine structure constants of these states are characterized by unusually strong electron correlation effects. Relativistic coupled-cluster theory has been employed to carry out {\it ab initio} calculations of these constants. The role of the all order core-polarization effects was found to be decisive in obtaining good agreement of the results of our calculations with accurate measurements. The present work is an apt demonstration of the power of the coupled-cluster method to cope with strongly interacting configurations.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review Letters, 3 figures and 5 table

Optimisation of Ferro Alloy Usage in Steelmaking

Ferro alloys constitute one of the most expensive inputs to steelmaking.Their contribution to cost depends on the type of steel. However, with respect to the product mix of a typical Integrated Steel Plant, it amounts to 7-10% of the cost of saleable steel. Optimisation of ferroalloys not only involves minimising specific cost but must also address to the issues of customer satisfaction. With the progress of knowledge in the area of material science and growing competition, subjects like residuals in ferroalloys are gaining importance. The task of optimisation is multifaceted and requires actions in a number of areas like (i) steelmaking practice - deoxidation, slag-carry over etc., (ii) quality of ferroalloys - chemistry,size, residuals, (iii) cost affective design of steel, ( iv) downstream processing of steel - heat treatment, etc., (v) Selection of ferroalloys, and (vi) Distribution and control within the plant. The paper discusses the above aspects based on informationldata from real-life situations